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| | Fern - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | A fern is a vascular plant that differs from the more primitive lycophytes in having true leaves (megaphylls) and from the more advanced seed plants (gymnosperms and angiosperms) in lacking seeds. | | | The fertilized egg is now a diploid zygote and grows by mitosis into a sporophyte (the typical "fern" plant). | | | Unlike the seed plants, however, the sporophylls of ferns are typically not very specialized, looking similar to trophophylls and producing sugars by photosynthesis as the trophophylls do. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fern
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| | The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition: fern @ HighBeam Research |
| | Although no present-day ferns reproduce by seeds, there are fossils of some fernlike plants that were seed-producing, and it is believed that the seed plants (e.g., the gymnosperms and true flowering plants) evolved from fernlike ancestors. | | | Fern species, numbering several thousand, are found throughout the world but are especially abundant in tropical rain forests. | | | In the tropics the trunks are employed in construction, and the starchy pith was formerly eaten by the Maoris and other native groups. |
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http://www.highbeam.com/library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1E1:fern&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf
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| | What is a Fern |
| | Ferns are considered vascular plants and are some of the oldest living plants on earth. | | | Upon careful inspection of these plants they are not ferns because they produce flowers and seeds. | | | Ferns do not produce flowers, nor fruit nor seeds. |
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http://www.tfeps.org/what_is_a_fern.htm
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| | Fern Questions and Answers |
| | Ferns are adapted to a wide variety of conditions—some ferns prefer dry rocky sites or wet marshy conditions while others thrive in limestone-rich soils. | | | The maidenhair ferns, Adiantum peltatum and Adiantum capillus-veneris, are beautiful, relatively small, delicate plants that are also used in moist shaded areas. | | | Depending upon where you live, many ferns are evergreen and add color and interest during the winter months when most flowering plants are dormant. |
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http://www.usna.usda.gov/Gardens/faqs/fernsfaq2.html
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| | Pteridium aquilinum, Bracken Fern, Brake, Brake Fern, Eagle Fern, Female Fern, Fiddlehead, Hog Brake, Pasture Brake, ... |
| | Bracken fern is grown commercially for use as a food and herbal remedy in Canada, the United States, Siberia, China, Japan, and Brazil and is often listed as an edible wild plant. | | | Bracken fern increases soil fertility by bringing larger amounts of phosphate, nitrogen, and potassium into circulation through litter leaching and stem flow; its rhizomes also mobilize mineral phosphate. | | | Despite production of bitter-tasting compounds, chemicals that interfere with insect growth, and toxic chemicals, bracken fern hosts a relatively large number and variety of herbivorous insects. |
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http://www.rook.org/earl/bwca/nature/ferns/pteridiumaqui.html
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| | UACES: AR Home and Garden: Landscape and Ornamentals: Home Landscaping Perennials: Ferns |
| | It is a fern of true global economic importance--it is the green manure crop grown in Asia which is plowed under to fertilize the rice crop. | | | The leaf color is generally a lighter green to hunter green, and tend to grow in a vase shape of fronds. | | | Ferns appreciate an occasional leaf mold or aged compost supplement, but don't respond well to commercial fertilizer. |
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http://www.arhomeandgarden.org/landscape/HomeLandscaping/Perennials/ferns.asp
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| | Fern Care |
| | Ferns grow in rainforests and freezing tundra and broiling deserts. | | | Other choices are to fertilize with a very dilute fertilizer solution each time you water or to use a time-release fertilizer. | | | Fertilize during the growing season once a month with a high nitrogen fertilizer. |
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http://www.sdfern.com/ferncare.htm
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| | Fern sporangium |
| | Sori are elongated and covered by an indusium that is attached to one side; the free edge is serated. | | | Todea barbara, sporangia on lower surface of fertile pinnae. | | | A round indusium attached to the leaf at its centre, covers each sorus much like an umbrella. |
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http://www.sbs.auckland.ac.nz/info/schools/nzplants/fern_sporangium.htm
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| | Hardy Ferns, Perennials Guide to Planting Flowers |
| | The Royal or Flowering Fern can be grown in 2 or 3 inches of still water or in very moist places. | | | In the ordinary garden very pretty effects are gained by planting the early flowering bulbous plants among them, because the fronds of the ferns begin to unfurl very early in Spring. | | | Shady or semi-shady places ale best, planted underneath trees and around tall shrubbery, where the plants Will be more or less protected from the sun and hot, dry winds. |
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http://www.backyardgardener.com/pren/pg53.html
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| | AUTUMN FERN |
| | Drought resistant, it is a labor saver in courtyards and atriums. | | | It may be synonymous with D. chrysoloba due to minor distinctions between the species. | | | Use to cover barren spots in shaded gardens or add to shade compositions that need a little seasonal color. |
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http://www.monrovia.com/PlantInf.nsf/269905a1fb059eb48825683c0080938a/6b6456f58f012a008825684d007135ef!OpenDocument
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| | Java Fern (Microsorum pteropus) |
| | The egg is retained in a little cup of tissue, and is fertilized by a sperm to produce a diploid cell that grows into the sporophyte. | | | Size of the plants is somewhat dependent on conditions, but with the two "normal" varieties I have, (the new ones are very distinctive, and cannot be confused with the others) they are really quite different even if you have two plants of the same size in your hands. | | | I certainly stopped the spread of the damage by switching the two plants to a cooler hard-water tank, and the plants in my sightly salted ultra-hard guppy/swordtail tank seem to be doing just fine. |
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http://www.thekrib.com/Plants/Plants/java-fern.html
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| | Bird's Nest Fern |
| | Pesticides containing copper should be tested on a few plants to evaluate toxicity of each material to be used on your crop. | | | Due to the wide, robust fronds and spreading habit from a central axis, one plant is usually placed per container. | | | No information is available concerning phytotoxicity of pesticides for insects and slugs on Bird's-nest fern. |
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http://www.mrec.ifas.ufl.edu/Foliage/folnotes/birdnest.htm
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| | Getting Atop Climbing Fern |
| | The moth's cold intolerance is important because it means the insect is unlikely to survive cold winters in the eastern and northeastern United States, where a native fern and climbing fern relative called L. | | | With further research, a third moth, a hungry mite, a small beetle, and perhaps other hardworking organisms as well may qualify to join the coterie of pint-sized weed-eaters. | | | The nymphs' feeding causes the leaves to fall off, so the vine has fewer leaves to capture sunlight for the energy it needs. |
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http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/AR/archive/jan02/fern0102.htm
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| | Hungry Mite May Quell Old World Climbing Fern |
| | The scientists combed climbing fern's native range, hunting for the plant and the critters that keep it in check in rainforests, dry seeps, coastal marshes, bay swamps, and tree islands. | | | To speed the search for mites that were in sync with the Florida genotype, Goolsby developed the tactic of taking small plantlets, or sporelings, of the Florida variant along on expeditions so that local mites could be immediately exposed to this target plant within the confines of a mobile laboratory. | | | This fast-growing, dark-green weed, Lygodium microphyllum, is on the march in Florida's unique and fragile Everglades ecosystem and other wetlands. |
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http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/AR/archive/jul04/mite0704.htm
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| | Edenspace Systems Corporation |
| | Use the edenfern soil cleaner if you know arsenic is in the ground, or even "just in case" - because whether or not arsenic is present, the fern serves as an attractive addition to a lawn or garden. | | | With a powerful cleaning action 200 times stronger than in other plants, the fern quickly lowers soil arsenic levels. | | | Licensed and offered exclusively by Edenspace, this remarkable plant is sun-tolerant and easy to grow. |
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http://www.edenspace.com/edenfern.html
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| | Ferns of Pittsylvania County |
| | A yellowish-green brittle fern, this plant is often found growing in colonies in deep ravines and cliffs along water ways. | | | Its spore shoot arises from upper axil of the leaf. | | | It grows in rich shaded soil, often in ravines. |
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http://www.victorianvilla.com/sims-mitchell/local/nature/ferns
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| | SOFIA Virtual Tour - Fern Forest |
| | The reddish-orange and yellow flowers of this milkweed generally bloom year-round in Florida. | | | The yellow flowers of these tropical weeds generally bloom year-round in the wet areas of South Florida. | | | Tannins produced by forest detritus are what give these standing waters their brownish color. |
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http://sofia.usgs.gov/virtual_tour/fernforest
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| | Fern Leaf Frame |
| | Use flat brush to pull paint in a vertical pattern, then in a horizontal pattern, for a woven effect. | | | Here’s a unique embossed frame that’s as fun to make as it is to look at. | | | Use dry paintbrush to apply Pale Gold Pearl to frame. |
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http://www.michaels.com/art/online/projectsheet?pid=25084&categoryid=14
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| | Cinnamon Fern |
| | The crosiers (young, emerging fiddlehead) are white and woolly, and it has a much larger, fertile "cinnamon stick". | | | Transplant crowns in the spring and early summer, planting them right at the level of the soil. | | | They can be grown in any lighting conditions, as long as their moisture requirements are met. |
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http://www.greenwoodnursery.com/page.cfm/335
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| | Foliage Gardens Fern Nursery Your Source for Hardy Rare and Exotic Ferns |
| | NOTHOLAENA - cloak fern - false indusium - 25 species - closely allied with Cheilanthes and Pellaea - mostly arid loving small ferns with proportionately long stipes; erect inhabitants of rocky dry places; foliage frequently with hairs, scales or waxy undercoating; sori hidden in wax, scales or around edges. | | | LYGODIUM - twining - 39 species - mostly tropical; climbing ferns; sterile portion evergreen; fertile portion a continuation of the main stem and deciduous; sori on underside of fertile segments. | | | DRYOPTERIS - wood fern - 250 species (my original research indicated 1213 species - the botanical splitters have been at work) - worldwide; evergreen and deciduous, small to very large; sturdy; usually divided - often finely so; hybridizes frequently; sori central with kidney shaped indusium. |
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http://www.foliagegardens.com/cat1.html
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| | 23. BRACKENFERN, BRAKE FERN |
| | FIRST AID: Horses: If horses are observed eating bracken, immediately remove them from the pasture, or in some way prevent access to the plant. | | | Provide supplemental feed if the pasture is low in adequate forage. | | | SAFETY IN PREPARED FEEDS: Bracken remains toxic when dry, and is never safe for consumption. |
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http://www.vet.purdue.edu/depts/addl/toxic/plant23.htm
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| | Polystichum munitum (Sword Fern, Western Sword Fern, Christmas Fern, Sword Holly Fern) |
| | The sword fern prefers year-round moisture, but once established, the deep and fibrous roots make it quite drought resistant, especially when shaded. | | | Sword ferns are very disease and pest resistant. | | | Dead fronds should be left attached to the plant through the winter and then removed, if desired, in February, just prior to the appearance of new growth. |
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http://www.nwplants.com/plants/ferns/dryopteridacea/polystichum_munitum
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| | Psilotum nudum - Whisk Fern - Psilotaceae |
| | Since whisk ferns do not flower (they are not flowering plants, after all), the spores are produced in large, solitary sporangia born on bractlike or leaflike lateral appendages. | | | The plant responds well to a balanced fertilizer diluted to ½ the strength recommended on the label once a month. | | | It is considered a fern ally because it is a spore-producing vascular plant. |
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http://www.plantoftheweek.org/week055.shtml
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| | Royal Fern |
| | The above-ground parts are the leave (fronds); each leaf may be over three (3) feet in length and is twice subdivided before leaflets (pinnae) are developed. | | | With luck and good weather, a few spores manage to find suitable environments and germinate, the rest (the vast majority) simply die. | | | The stem (rhizome) is underground just below the soil surface and is very slow growing. |
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http://www.bio.umass.edu/biology/conn.river/regalis.html
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| | Ferns: Of Fern Forest and South Florida |
| | Ferns and allied plants: with special reference to Tropical America. | | | This book is available from larger bookstores and covers every species of fern found in North America north of Mexico, nearly all with color photographs. | | | Ferns of the southeastern States: descriptions of the fern-plants growing naturally in the States south of the Virginia-Kentucky state line and east of the Mississippi River. |
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http://fig.cox.miami.edu/~scofield/sofl_plants/fern_index.html
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| | Christmas Fern |
| | How to Grow: Plant Christmas ferns in humus-rich, loamy, moist but well-drained soil in part to full shade. | | | Plants are clump forming and can be divided in spring, replanting the rhizomes just below the soil. | | | They will tolerate a fair amount of sunlight if the soil is kept reasonably moist. |
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http://www.greenwoodnursery.com/page.cfm/332
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| | Christmas Fern |
| | Rabbits, chipmunks, and box turtles nibble the fronds, which also provide cover, and the fuzzy silver fiddleheads are consumed by ruffed grouse. | | | Planting and Care: For best results, plant in moist, well-drained, acidic soil. | | | The toughest, most low-maintenance fern I know, Christmas fern tolerates all kinds of misery—everything from heat and drought and clay and poor soil to repeated transplanting. |
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http://www.gwf.org/christmasfern.htm
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| | GARDENING : House Plants & Ferns : Fern Care : DIY Network |
| | Ferns like well-drained soil, so use loose, well-draining potting soil. | | | Use your finger as a gauge for when to water ferns. | | | These are full, lush ferns that work well in pots or hanging baskets. |
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http://www.diynetwork.com/diy/pf_house_plants_ferns/article/0,2029,DIY_14169_2277724,00.html
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| | Power Line: The cause for which Fern Holland died |
| | Americans and all civilized nations must persevere to make sure that the seeds that Fern Holland planted bear fruit. | | | Fern Holland left lucrative work in law firms not once but several times to serve the poor, the oppressed and the marginalized far from home. | | | Fern Holland believed so, and she gave her life for this belief. |
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http://www.powerlineblog.com/archives/006270.php
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| | PAL: Fanny Fern(1811-1872) |
| | Fern was also criticized for praising Whitman's Leaves of Grass. | | | Wright, Elizabethada A. "Fern Seeds: The Rhetorical Strategy of ((Grata) Sara (h) Payson Willis Eldredge Farrington Parton), A.K.A. Fanny Fern." DAI 59.2 (Aug 1998): DA9823691. | | | The Culture of sentiment: race, gender, and sentimentality in nineteenth century America. |
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http://www.csustan.edu/english/reuben/pal/chap3/fern.html
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| | Poplar Spring Animal Pictures and Stories |
| | They like to lie in the mud to keep cool in the Summer. | | | Fern and Avery sleep together every night in their large barn, and spend their days grazing in their four acre pasture. | | | Fern's special friend is another young pig named Avery who was rescued from a local high school where he had been greased and spray painted. |
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http://www.animalsanctuary.org/animals/pig_fern.html
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| | HOLLY FERN |
| | Growing to 2 to 3 feet high, low spreading habit to 3 feet wide. | | | It grows in shaded niches in rock gardens and on the north side of buildings. | | | Growing to 2 to 3 ft. high, low spreading habit. |
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http://www.monrovia.com/PlantInf.nsf/0/eef6d4f93f0f03608825684d00713571?OpenDocument
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| | Hayscented Fern (Dennstaedtia punctilobula) |
| | Hayscented fern is very common, and it often grows in large colonies, forming a carpet. | | | It can be identified by its lacy, light-green fronds. | | | It can be confused with New York fern, but hayscented fern has triangular fronds, whereas New York fern fronds taper to tiny leaflets at the bottom. |
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http://www.ct-botanical-society.org/ferns/dennstaedtiapunc.html
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| | Fern's Announcements |
| | Fabulous Fern's makes its semi-private area available to friends who want to stretch their Monday night meetings into an evening of food, socializing and support. | | | Fabulous Fern’s is once again making our Holiday Gift Certificates available. | | | Fabulous Fern’s Holiday Gift Certificates are a special way to give those on your holiday gift list, a sp ecial experience at Fern’s. |
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http://www.fabulousferns.com/announcements.html
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| | FERN - Home |
| | Funding Europe's Forests - How to use EU funds for sustainable forest management and nature protection | | | Our main campaign areas are climate change, forests and biodiversity, trade and investment, development aid, and forest peoples' rights. | | | Welcome to FERN - the Forests and the European Union Resource Network. |
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http://www.fern.org
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| | Home Page |
| | We now carry silk plants, silk trees, and silk hanging baskets. | | | You can also create your own air fern designs with our un potted air ferns! | | | From air fern baskets to air fern bonsai.....or we can customize an air fern creation just for you! |
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http://www.airfern.com
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| | Mosquito Fern |
| | After aquatic plants die, their decomposition by bacteria and fungi provides food (called “detritus”) for many aquatic invertebrates. | | | These invertebrates in turn are used as food by fish and other wildlife species (e.g. | | | Mosquito Fern or Azolla is a small free-floating fern approximately 1 to 3/8 inches wide. |
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http://aquaplant.tamu.edu/database/floating_plants/mosquito_fern.htm
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| | Fern Images |
| | Tree ferns have woody trunks without branches, topped with clusters of feathery leaves, or fronds. | | | New Zealand's native bush is well known for the proliferation and variety of native ferns. | | | The Black Ponga the most common fern, is the tallest fern tree in the world of which the tallest of this species reside in the Coromandel region. |
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http://www.virtualoceania.net/newzealand/photos/flora/ferns
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| | American Fern Society |
| | Ferns are a diverse, highly-evolved group of plants, yet they retain many of the characteristics that were present when plants first ventured out of the sea and onto land over 400 million years ago. | | | Ferns are also great plants for indoor and outdoor gardening. | | | The spores ("seeds of the ferns") are donated by AFS members. |
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http://www.amerfernsoc.org/home.html
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| | Fern Engineering - Turbomachinery Experts Specializing in Gas Turbines |
| | Established in 1967, Fern Engineering offers turbomachinery services and products, specializing in gas turbines, to users and manufacturers throughout the world. | | | Fern has identified the potential for boosting combined cycle power plant profits by up to 43%. | | | Fern Engineering - Turbomachinery Experts Specializing in Gas Turbines |
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http://www.fernengineering.com
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| | The History of Fern Day Ferns |
| | Fern Day Commemorative Prizes were still given out as awards. | | | Around Kymer, specially painted fern heads were glued and the lucky avie who found the head unglued could claim it. | | | The top row shows two identical double ferns. |
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http://www.vplanet.org/archives/articles/trading/tr90731c.html
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| | water fern on Encyclopedia.com |
| | SEEDS of WORRY.(Agriculture)(Dry weather and the empty Fern Ridge Lake have farmers on edge) | | | WATER FERN [water fern] common name for various species of aquatic ferns. | | | Fern Ridge could have a dry run.(Environment)(Dam repairs may empty the lake for three years and harm the parks budget) |
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http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/w1/waterfer.asp
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| | Fanny Fern (Sara Willis Parton) (1811-1872) |
| | Or she can be treated along with other nineteenth-century humorists. | | | I believe it is also important to emphasize Fern's treatment of class, since she is unusual for her time in portraying domestic servants and factory workers as well as middle-class women. | | | She can also be paired with male writers, such as Walt Whitman (Fern Leaves and Leaves of Grass) and Ik Marvel (Donald Grant Mitchell), the essayist, who gained fame at about the same time as Fern. |
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http://college.hmco.com/english/heath/syllabuild/iguide/fern.html
(1136 words)
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| | Fern - Domestic Long Hair - September 3, 2002 |
| | Fern's a bit of a piggy and has been known to tackle her human Dad, for his cereal milk! | | | Fern is only 8 weeks old in this photo, so her tail had not reached its fluff potential yet :) Fern is an important part of our family and is treated like the queen she knows she is :) Want to learn more about Fern? | | | Fern and Iris are also the best of friends, they amuse each other and spend hours lounging together. |
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http://catoftheday.com/archive/2002/September/03.html
(218 words)
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| | Fern Societies |
| | Each year the club participates in the Spring and Fall Plant Festivals at the University of South Florida's Botanical Garden. | | | Fern forays and special speakers throughout the year. | | | The plant festivals are held in April and October. |
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http://www.sdfern.com/othersoc.htm
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| | FERN CREEK WRESTLING CLUB |
| | The club was founded in 2000 by Mark Hitchings and is coached by Charlie Lampe and is supported by the Fern Creek Optimist. | | | See the attached results for all the scores. | | | Special thanks is extended to all the Fern Creek parents and volunteers who helped out and to Coach Quirino, St. Xavier and his crew and to Coach Hitchings, Trinity and his parents who pitched in making this a very special day for all the kids. |
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http://eteamz.active.com/FernCreekWrestlingClub/index.cfm
(1052 words)
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| | Dryopteris expansa, Spreading Wood Fern |
| | Identifiable as a Wood Fern by its larger size, thrice-cut fronds, and woodland habitat. | | | Other common names include Arching Wood Fern, Crested Wood Fern, Northern Spreading Wood Fern, Northern Wood Fern, Northwestern Spreading Wood Fern, Dryoptère Dressée (Qué), Northern Buckler Fern (UK), Nordbräken, Nordlig Lundbräken (Swe), Sauetelg (Nor), Finbladet Mangeløv (Dan), Isoalvejuuri (Fin), Feingliedriger Dornfarn (Ger) |
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http://www.rook.org/earl/bwca/nature/ferns/dryopterisex.html
(223 words)
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| | Fern identification - pinnate fronds |
| | NOTE: a cultivar of Nephrolepis biserrata (Giant Sword Fern) that escaped cultivation, it was at one time labeled Nephrolepis biserrata cv. | | | Are the fronds really large -- 6 feet and more -- with wide, thick, smooth pinnae (the terminal pinna is about the same size as the nearest ones)? | | | If more questions follow, use the same procedure. |
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http://www.audubon.org/local/sanctuary/corkscrew/Wildlife/FernID/Pinnate.html
(1054 words)
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| | Camp Fern |
| | Fern places special emphasi on Swimming, English Horseback Riding, and Nature. | | | The oldest summer camp in East Texas, CampFern has been owned and operated by the same family for three generations. | | | The camp started in 1934 and is nestled in the pine and oak forest on the banks of Lake Fern, near Marshall, Texas. |
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http://www.campfern.com
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