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Topic: Cotyledon



  
 Cotyledon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The number of cotyledons present is one characteristic used by botanists to classify the flowering plants (angiosperms).
A cotyledon (Greek: κωτυλυδών) is a significant part of the embryo within the seed of a plant.
The cotyledon of grasses and many other monocotyledons is highly modified and composed of a scutellum and a coleoptile.
http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotyledon   (307 words)

  
 * Cotyledon - (Gardening): Definition
A flowering plant that has only one cotyledon or seed leaf in the seed; it is also characterized by narrow,...
Cotyledons are a form of modified leaf that are found on embryonic plants and generally serve as storage organs that feed the new born seedling until it has established enough of a root system to nourish itself...
Cotyledon: Seeds of all sizes contain the nutrients they need to get growing"those nutrients are stored inside the cotyledon (pronounced cot-el-LEE-dun), which are wrapped around the embryo within the seed...
http://www.bestknows.com/gardening/cotyledon.html   (572 words)

  
 Cotyledon
Cotyledon - A leaf of the embryo of a seed plant, which upon germination either remains in the seed or emerges, enlarges, and becomes green.
http://homepage.mac.com/levigun1/haack/cotyledon.html   (25 words)

  
 cotyledon
The number of cotyledons present in an embryo is an important character in the classification of flowering plants (angiosperms).
Structure in the embryo of a seed plant that may form a ‘leaf&; after germination and is commonly known as a seed leaf.
In seeds that also contain endosperm (nutritive tissue), the cotyledons are thin, but where they are the primary food-storing tissue, as in peas and beans, they may be quite large.
http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0006930.html   (212 words)

  
 Vacuolar Storage Proteins Are Sorted in the cis-Cisternae of the Pea Cotyledon Golgi Apparatus -- Hillmer et al. 152 ...
of vicilin in the trans-cisternae of the pea cotyledon Golgi
The Golgi apparatus of pea cotyledon storage parenchyma cells
Immunogold staining of pea cotyledon Golgi stacks with antibodies against vicilin.
http://www.jcb.org/cgi/content/full/152/1/41   (6004 words)

  
 cotyledon --  Encyclopædia Britannica
Flowering plants whose embryos have a single cotyledon are grouped as monocots, or monocotyledonous plants; embryos with two cotyledons are grouped as dicots, or dicotyledonous plants.
The number of cotyledons in the embryos of seeds of gymnosperms is highly variable, ranging from 8 to 20 or more.
http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9026542?tocId=9026542   (576 words)

  
 Cotyledon orbiculata
Cotyledon orbiculata is an ideal plant for the rockery, but also grows well as a pot plant placed on a veranda (stoep).
Cotyledon orbiculata is widespread throughout South Africa, but is usually confined to rocky outcrops in grassland fynbos and karoo regions.
Cotyledon orbiculata has five varieties, based on differences in leaf and flower shape.
http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantcd/cotyledorbic.htm   (672 words)

  
 distinction-angiosperms
when the seed germinates, the cotyledon remains below ground absorbing nutrients from the endosperm which is the starchy food supply in the seed.
The cotyledon transports the nutrients to developing seedlings.
Dicot seeds contain 2 cotyledons, these structures absorb and store the nutrients from the endosperm before the seed germinates.
http://www.geocities.com/atiemajal/distinction-angiosperms.html   (179 words)

  
 * Cotyledon - (Plants): Definition
It is a long-lived plant, deriving moisture from sea-fog dew.
This family of monocotyledonous plants has evolved from prototypes of the lily and amaryllis family and is noteworthy for the wide variety of its highly specialized and curiously modified forms...
The Kidneywort or Navelwort (Cotyledon Umbilicus) is a remarkably succulent plant,...
http://www.bestknows.com/plants/cotyledon.html   (620 words)

  
 Relationships between Soybean Seed Cell Wall Polysaccharides, Yield, and Seed Traits -- Stombaugh et al. 43 (2): 571 -- ...
in arabinogalactan in cotyledons and in galactomannans in seed
Relationship of cotyledon cell number and seed respiration to soybean seed growth.
correlated with seed weight and cotyledon cell number (Munier-Jolain and Ney, 1998).
http://crop.scijournals.org/cgi/content/full/43/2/571   (3203 words)

  
 Cotyledon barbeyi
Cotyledon barbeyi can be cultivated from both cuttings and seed.
Cotyledon barbeyi is a robust, much branched, perennial, succulent herb that grows to a height of 1-2m.
The seed is extremely fine and is carried away by wind and rainwater.
http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantcd/cotylebarbey.htm   (321 words)

  
 ASGSB 2000 Abstracts - CHANGES IN COTYLEDON CELL ULTRASTRUCTURE DURING Brassica rapa SEED DEVELOPMENT IN ...
Large and well-developed protein bodies were observed in cotyledon cells of ground control seeds at 13 days post-pollination, but their development was delayed in the spaceflight material.
Numerous mitochondria were observed in cotyledon cells of ground control seeds at 8 days post pollination, suggesting the need for large amounts of energy for cell division and protein synthesis and deposition at later developmental stages.
At the stage of cotyledon elongation, starch reached a maximum in both flight and ground control seeds.
http://www.asgsb.org/programs/2000/73.html   (308 words)

  
 Lewisia cotyledon Siskiyou Lewisia
cotyledon is usually found in trade as young plants and sometimes as seed; most plants offered for sale are propagated from cultivated sources (Mathew 1994).
Lewisia cotyledon grows wild in the western United States, restricted to northern California and southern Oregon where it is found in rocky crevices and stony places at altitudes of 150-3000 meters (Mathew 1994).
cotyledon has experienced some collection where it occurs close to existing trails or roads.
http://www.fws.gov/international/animals/lewicoty.html   (1438 words)

  
 Gibberellin Produced in the Cotyledon Is Required for Cell Division during Tissue Reunion in the Cortex of Cut Cucumber ...
The cotyledon or shoot apex, including the first leaf, was removed from 7-d-old cucumber plants using a razor blade.
The cotyledon was removed from 10-d-old wild-type tomato plants using a razor blade, and the plants were grown as described
Gibberellin Produced in the Cotyledon Is Required for Cell Division during Tissue Reunion in the Cortex of Cut Cucumber and Tomato Hypocotyls -- Asahina et al.
http://www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/content/full/129/1/201   (4103 words)

  
 An expanded role for the TWN1 gene in embryogenesis: defects in cotyledon pattern and morphology in the twn1 mutant of ...
cotyledon that encircles the embryonic apex (Aida et al., 1997
The cotyledon in the foreground resembles wild type with regard to its base and its separation from its neighbors.
There is a subtle fusion between the two other cotyledons on the opposite side of the apex (marked by arrow).
http://www.amjbot.org/cgi/content/full/88/4/570   (6230 words)

  
 Activity 6 -students
The seeds with an embryo attached to a cotyledon grew.
The embryo will grow when it is attached to a cotyledon, because the cotyledon provides the embryo with food.
Put a seed HALF that has both a cotyledon and an embryo attached to it on the towel.
http://ed-web3.educ.msu.edu/RothK/actstu6.htm   (903 words)

  
 Cotyledon cells of Vigna mungo seedlings use at least two distinct autophagic machineries for degradation of starch ...
Synthesis and posttranslational activation of sulfhydryl-endopeptidase in cotyledons of germinating Vigna mungo seeds.
Cotyledon cells, SGs, and sections were prepared from day 3 attached or detached cotyledons and stained with LysoTracker red as described in Materials and methods.
the attached cotyledon cells, and mitochondria and cytoplasm
http://www.jcb.org/cgi/content/full/154/5/973   (5197 words)

  
 GLOSSARYC
cotyledon A leaf-like structure that is present in the seeds of
http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookglossC.html   (2109 words)

  
 Maternal genotype influences pea seed size by controlling both mitotic activity during early embryogenesis and final ...
Relationship of cotyledon cell number and seed respiration to soybean seed growth.
in the cotyledons and, hypothetically, the cotyledon cell size.
Relationship between the mature seed dry weight and the cotyledon cell mean volume (A) or the cotyledon cell number (B).
http://jexbot.oupjournals.org/cgi/content/full/51/343/167   (3964 words)

  
 Dunn Gardens - Lewisia cotyledon
Lewisia cotyledon is one variety of the genus Lewisia, which grow throughout parts of western North America.
cotyledon offers a wide color range in flowers, as it has been hybridized probably the most of any of the genus.
cotyledon is native to parts of Northern California and Southern Oregon and there are many seed strains available.
http://www.dunngardens.org/summer/lewisia_cotyledon.html   (121 words)

  
 NZPPS paper - A Comparison Between Real And Simulated Insect Defoliation Of White Clover Seedlings, And The Effects Of ...
The effect on plant growth of simulated insect defoliation of white clover seedlings by clipping cotyledon leaves, was compared with weevil feeding damage in the glasshouse.
After 8 weeks, plants with 1, 1.5 or 2 cotyledon leaves removed were reduced in yield compared with untreated plants by 29, 50 and 72% respectively.
After germination, seedlings at the same stage of cotyledon expansion were selected and embedded in groups of six into plastic containers filled with soil, with each container assigned to one of seven treatments.
http://www.hortnet.co.nz/publications/nzpps/proceedings/94/94_201.htm   (1930 words)

  
 Cereal Chem 2003 Isolation and Characterization of Cotyledon Fibers from Peas, Lentils, and Chickpeas.
Glucose was the most common sugar component of hulls and soluble cotyledon fibers, while arabinose was the main sugar in insoluble fibers.
Isolation and Characterization of Cotyledon Fibers from Peas, Lentils, and Chickpeas.
Methods were developed to efficiently isolate legume cotyledon fibers with relatively high yields and purities.
http://www.aaccnet.org/cerealchemistry/abstracts/2003/0415-06R.asp   (259 words)

  
 NZPPS paper - Yield Response Of Legume Seedlings To Simulated Insect Cotyledon Damage and Nutrient Availability
The removal of 0.5 cotyledons only had a marked adverse effect on white clover foliage production (P<0.1) and 1.5 cotyledons removed did not in any case significantly decrease production to greater extent than 1 cotyledon removed but foliage production by birdsfoot trefoil and crown vetch was significantly lower than for untreated plants.
This study investigated the effect on plant production of simulated insect damage to cotyledons of a range of pasture legumes and on the production and nitrogen fixation of white clover, Caucasian clover and lucerne when grown in a glasshouse at three fertility levels.
The effect of cotyledon excision on the growth of pea seedlings.
http://www.hortnet.co.nz/publications/nzpps/proceedings/95/95_213.htm   (1926 words)

  
 Plants Belonging to the Genus 'Cotyledon'
Cotyledon pumila synonym of Echeveria pumila (Hen And Chicks)
Cotyledon cristata synonym of Adromischus cristatus (Crinkle Leaf Plant)
The species in the genus Cotyledon range from South Africa to Arabia.
http://www.desert-tropicals.com/Plants/Crassulaceae/Cotyledon.html   (287 words)

  
 ARS Publication request: A White Cotyledon Mutant in Cultivated Sunflower with Reduced Chlorophyll Synthesis
Cotyledons of the intercrossed F1 progeny of WC1-F4 and WC2-F4 were all white, indicating the gene(s) controlling white cotyledons were at the same locus in both sources.
Citation: Jan, C.C., Vick, B.A. A White Cotyledon Mutant In Cultivated Sunflower With Reduced Chlorophyll Synthesis.
This distinctive characteristic of white cotyledons and green true leaves has not been reported previously in sunflower.
http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=146490   (459 words)

  
 ARS Publication request: 'green Dixie Blackeye', a Green Cotyledon, Blackeye-Type Southernpea
Interpretive Summary: Cream-type and pinkeye-type southernpea varieties with the green cotyledon seed color trait have been adopted by the frozen food processing industry in recent years because the seeds of these varieties can be harvested at the dry stage of maturity without loss of their fresh green color.
Green Dixie Blackeye is the first blackeye- type southernpea cultivar to be developed that exhibits the green cotyledon seed trait.
The new cultivar, named Green Dixie Blackeye, can be harvested at dry stage maturity without loss of the pea's fresh green color.
http://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=118158   (474 words)

  
 Noticiario de Recursos Fitogénéticos - Direct organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis in mature cotyledon explants of ...
Plantlet regeneration and establishment Adventitious shoots generated on the cotyledon explants were transferred to a rooting medium made up of MS medium, supplemented with 0.49 µM indole butyric acid (IBA) selected from a preliminary experiment (not reported here) and 3 g/L phytagel.
To our knowledge, this is the first report on cytokinin-induced simultaneously direct adventitious shoot regeneration and somatic embryogenesis in mature cotyledon explants of winged bean.
Introduction Winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC), a grain legume with a high nutrient value has been described as “a possible soybean for the tropics” (Anon 1981).
http://www.ipgri.cgiar.org/pgrnewsletter/article_es.asp?id_article=75&id_issue=131   (781 words)

  
 cot1: A Regulator of Arabidopsis Trichome Initiation -- Szymanski et al. 149 (2): 565 -- Genetics
in cotyledon and hypocotyl trichomes in plants at the four-leaf
as plants that have between five and 19 cotyledon trichomes.
cotyledon and first leaf pair phenotypes are dominant in wild-type
http://www.genetics.org/cgi/content/full/149/2/565   (5364 words)

  
 Cotyledon
The tubular flowers of Cotyledon appear in summer.
Genus of 9 species of compact, often clump-forming, perennial succulents and evergreen subshrubs from desert or shaded areas in E. Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and southern Africa.
Average warmth from spring to autumn - minimum 50F in winter.Semi-shade or bright light.
http://www.gflora.com/index.php?cmd=genus_body&genus_id=93   (181 words)

  
 Cotyledon and binucleate cell nitric oxide synthase expression in an ovine model of fetal growth restriction -- Galan ...
Representative Western blot depicting a 2-fold reduction in the cotyledons from the animals in the hyperthermic (HT) group (n = 4) compared with TN controls (n = 4; P < 0.05).
stroma to maternal villous stroma in the HT cotyledons relative
A and B: histological sections of cotyledons from 90-day postconception TN and HT animals, respectively.
http://www.jap.org/cgi/content/full/90/6/2420   (4446 words)

  
 ICPS Seed Bank
Notice the non-carnivorous cotyledon leaves with the seed still attached.
Growing carnivorous plants from seed can be fun and it can be frustrating.
http://www.carnivorousplants.org/seedbank/seedgermguide.htm   (2658 words)

  
 The Great Corn Adventure
It has only one cotyledon or seed leaf.
Like other members of the grass family, corn is a monocot.
http://www.urbanext.uiuc.edu/corn/guide.html   (1154 words)

  
 Role of ethylene in cotyledon development of microspore-derived embryos of Brassica napus -- Hays et al. 51 (352): 1851 ...
Role of ethylene in cotyledon development of microspore-derived embryos of Brassica napus -- Hays et al.
in lateral cell expansion of the cotyledons were recoverable,
Measurements were made using a light microscope equipped with an eyepiece micrometer.
http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/51/352/1851   (4359 words)

  
 In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.--Plant 35:210–213, May-June 1999
Cotyledon explants of Panax ginseng at various developmental stages were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 0.5
In addition, the frequency of somatic embryo and adventitious bud formation rapidly declined with the age of the cotyledons.
Key words: somatic embryo; adventitious bud; plant regeneration; Panax ginseng.
http://www.sivb.org/plant_archives/abstracts/PA35-210.htm   (270 words)

  
 Daylily Dictionary: Cotyledon
Because they form within the seeds, cotyledons are known also as seed leaves.
, have embryos within their seeds that form one or two cotyledons.
Most bear leaves with parallel veins and flower parts in multiples of three.
http://www.daylilies.org/ahs_dictionary/cotyledon.html   (91 words)

  
 Seed germination is blocked in Arabidopsis putative vacuolar sorting receptor (atbp80) antisense transformants -- Laval ...
RNA was extracted from non-germinating AST2K antisense seeds and compared to RNA from wild-type dry seed, 24 h-imbibed seeds, or from seedlings at cotyledon stage.
vesicles in pea cotyledons and Arabidopsis cell cultures (Ahmed
Protein storage vacuoles form de novo during pea cotyledon development.
http://jxb.oupjournals.org/cgi/content/full/54/381/213   (4201 words)

  
 Thomas Schoepke Plant Image Gallery - Crassulaceae
Cotyledon orbiculata - Cultivated, at Kirstenbosch Botanical Garden/Cape Town (flowers)
Cotyledon orbiculata - Cultivated, at Kirstenbosch Botanical Garden/Cape Town (whole plant)
http://www.pharmakobotanik.de/gallery/gal-cras.htm   (853 words)

  
 EWRS Working Group "Weed Management Systems in Vegetables" - carrot details
The IP concept for carrots is rather vague in Denmark and rely mostly on the grower's own conscience about pesticide use.
post-emergence, weeds at the cotyledon stage but before the two-true leave stage of carrots
http://www.agr.unipg.it/ewrsveg/carrotdetails.htm   (3394 words)

  
 Leslie's succulent page 06
Cotyledons of which the type species is C. orbiculata, is also the showpiece of the genus with superb foliage and breathtaking flowers.
Gobinii was the name which came with the plant but this appears to be invalid and recently I was able to identify it as "elisae" in Succulents II the new Dictionary.
http://www.echeveria.freeserve.co.uk/leslies_succulents06.htm   (255 words)

  
 Changes in gene expression in the leafy cotyledon1 (lec1) and fusca3 (fus3) mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana L. -- ...
Number 1 corresponds to the first pool of siliques, at the top of the inflorescence in which normal and mutant seeds can be unambiguously differentiated based on the cotyledon morphology (mid cotyledonary stage).
from preglobular to bent cotyledon stage and decays during seed
Wobus U, Weber H. Seed maturation: genetic programmes and control signals.
http://jexbot.oupjournals.org/cgi/content/full/51/347/995   (5069 words)

  
 An Arabidopsis RNA Lariat Debranching Enzyme Is Essential for Embryogenesis -- Wang et al. 279 (2): 1468 -- Journal of ...
B-E, DIC images of cleared phenotypically wild-type seeds at torpedo (B), bent cotyledon (C), late bent cotyledon (D), and maturation (E) stages of development.
into the bent cotyledon stage, but the cotyledons were small
In some seeds, the cotyledons did not develop normally, and
http://www.jbc.org/cgi/content/full/279/2/1468   (4687 words)

  
 Lewisia cotyledon Siskiyou Lewsia.
Lewisia cotyledon's foliage color is Lt-green, and type is Deciduous.
It has a tendency to rot in the winters at lower elevations because of wet conditions.
If the numbers are zero, there is a reason.
http://www.laspilitas.com/plants/384.htm   (231 words)

  
 Plant Regeneration from Cotyledon Tissues of Common Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.)
Abstract: Plants were regenerated from cotyledon tissues of greenhouse grown seedlings of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.).
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Crop Diversification Centre, Morden, Manitoba, Canada R6M 1Y5;
This regenerative system may be valuable for genetic transformation and cell selection in common buckwheat.
http://www.kaderesearch.com/manuscripts/27.html   (321 words)

  
 Influence of Nitrogen Availability on Seed Nitrogen Accumulation in Pea -- Lhuillier-Soundélé et al. 39 ...
Guldan S.J., Brun W.A. Relationship of cotyledon cell number and seed respiration to soybean seed growth.
Munier-Jolain N.G., Ney B., Duthion C. Termination of seed growth in relation to nitrogen content of vegetative parts in soybean plants.
Garry G., Tivoli B., Jeuffroy M.H., Citharel J. Effects of Aschochyta caused by Mycosphaerella pinodes on the translocation of carbohydrates and nitrogenous compounds from the leaf and hull to the seed of dried-pea.
http://crop.scijournals.org/cgi/content/full/39/6/1741   (4676 words)

  
 Related WordNet synsets for SUMO concept FloweringPlant
genus of flowering plants having a single cotyledon (embryonic leaf) in the seed
family of flowering plants having a single cotyledon (embryonic leaf) in the seed
genus of flowering plants having two cotyledons (embryonic leaves) in the seed which usually appear at germination
http://icosym-nt.cvut.cz/kifb/wordnet/_flowering_plant.html   (14484 words)

  
 LEAFY COTYLEDON2 encodes a B3 domain transcription factor that induces embryo development -- Stone et al. 98 (20): ...
Seedlings of this type with extended roots typically
5G, seedlings at the other morphological extreme had expanded cotyledons and resembled wild type (compare
The gene ENHANCER OF PINOID controls cotyledon development in the Arabidopsis embryo
http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/98/20/11806   (4799 words)

  
 cotyledon
cotyledons, the grasses only one, and pines have
Note: Many plants, as the bean and the maple, have two
http://dictionary-x.com/cotyledon.html   (128 words)

  
 The Garden with Insight garden simulator v1.0: seedling leaf (cotyledon)
When a seed develops in the ovary of a plant, seedling leaves form there with all the machinery needed to carry out photosynthesis.
Seedling leaves or cotyledons are the first leaves to appear on a plant.
Garden with Insight v1.0 Help: seedling leaf (cotyledon)
http://www.gardenwithinsight.com/help100/00000469.htm   (235 words)

  
 Cotyledon Hair Studio :: Blooming beauty with style, color, and cut.
Cotyledon Hair Studio :: Blooming beauty with style, color, and cut.
Copyright © 2000 - 2004 Cotyledon Hair Studio :: Design by Digital Mark Studios
http://cotyledon.ws   (25 words)

  
 Cotyledon
Teaching Materials; Plants / ultrastructure; Plants / growth and development; Plant Components; Cotyledon;
This chapter is aimed at university students beginning their studies in biological sciences, and is designed to serve as an introduction to more advanced courses.
http://bioresearch.ac.uk/browse/mesh/D018548.html   (80 words)

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