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| | references snake teeth |
 | | Greene, H. (1989): Defensive behavior and feeding biology of the Asian mock viper, Psammodynastes pulverulentus (Colubridae), a specialized predator on scincid lizards. | | | Sarkar, S. (1923): A comparative study of the buccal glands and teeth of the Opisthoglypha, and a discussion on the evolution of the order from Aglypha. | | | guez-Robles, J. and M. Leal (1993) Feeding envenomation by Arrhyton exiguum (Serpentes: Colubridae). |
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http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~kkardong/WEB_Kardong/htm/Ref_teeth.htm
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| | Javier A. Rodríguez - Publications |
| | Rodríguez-Robles, J. Notes on the feeding behavior of the Puerto Rican racer, Alsophis portoricensis (Serpentes: Colubridae). | | | Molecular systematics of New World lampropeltinine snakes (Colubridae): implications for biogeography and evolution of food habits. | | | Rodríguez-Robles, J. Feeding ecology of North American gopher snakes (Pituophis catenifer, Colubridae). |
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http://www.unlv.edu/faculty2/jrodriguez/Papers.htm
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| | Palaeos Vertebrates 260.500 Pythonomorpha: Colubroidea |
| | Characters: Large, triangular heads and stout bodies; maxilla short, with one tooth; maxillae rotates so that fangs folded during feeding (distinguishes from Elapids); venom teeth are closed tubes (solenoglyph) without visible seam; quadrates flared outward and highly mobile skull; venom common. | | | Characters: small to medium-sized snakes; blunt-headed; maxilla is extremely reduced; maxilla with elongated, hollow maxillary fang; maxilla has complex articulation with prefrontal; short tails; fossorial; solenoglyphs; oviparous with clutches of 2-11; feed upon newborn rodents and other fossorial reptiles | | | Colubridae: rat snakes, corn snakes, king snakes, garter snakes, indigo snakes, boomslangs, etc. |
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http://www.palaeos.com/Vertebrates/Units/Unit260/260.500.html
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| | tree snake -- Encyclopædia Britannica |
| | any of several venomous (rear-fanged) members of the family Colubridae that are extremely slender—almost stringlike. | | | (genus Boiga), any of about 30 species (family Colubridae) of weakly venomous, rear-fanged snakes, ranging from tropical Africa to Australia and Polynesian islands. | | | A vine snake may be 1.5 m (5 feet) long but is so light that it can extend half of its body into midair when crossing from branch to branch. |
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http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9073284?tocId=9073284
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| | boomslang -- Encyclopædia Britannica |
| | The Colubridae have no front fangs, and most have rows of teeth that are of equal size. | | | Its body and eye colour are extremely variable, and camouflage… | | | (Dispholidus typus), venomous snake of the family Colubridae, the only colubrid that is decidedly dangerous to man. Occurring in savannas throughout sub-Saharan Africa, it lies in wait in a bush or tree for chameleons and birds; the forepart of the body often extends motionless into the air. |
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http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9080667?tocId=9080667
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| | Phyllomedusa |
| | Reproductive biology and diet of Liophis poecilogyrus poecilogyrus (Serpentes, Colubridae) from southeastern Brazil. | | | Ontogenetic color changes may strengthen suggestion about systematic affinities between two species of Chironius (Serpentes, Colubridae). | | | Sexual dimorphism, reproductive cycle, and fecundity of the water snakes Ptyhophis flavovirgatus (Serpentes, Colubridae). |
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http://www.herplit.com/contents/phyllo.html
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| | Probert Encyclopaedia: Nature (Cn-Coml) |
| | The subfamily comprises about fifty genera and 300 species found in Africa, Asia and the Americas, with a few species found in Europe and one in Australia. | | | Colubrinae is a subfamily of reptiles of the family Colubridae (the Typical Snakes) of the sub-order Serpentes (Snakes). | | | The family contains about 2000 species in 290 genera and about 14 subfamilies, the members being found in tropical, subtropical and temperate zones, and varying widely in habit and choice of habitat. |
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http://www.probertencyclopaedia.com/B2C.HTM
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| | Coccidia of the World |
| | Telford, S.R. Coccidian parasites (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) of the endemic Florida snake Tantilla relicta Telford (Serpentes: Colubridae). | | | Description of two new species of coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriorina) from flat-headed snakes, Tantilla gracilis (Serpentes: Colubridae) and reclassification of misnomer species within the genera Isospora and Sarcocystis from snakes. | | | (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae), new coccidium from Forskal's sand snake, Psammophis schokari (Serpentes: Colubridae) from lava desert of Jordan. |
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http://biology.unm.edu/biology/coccidia/caryos.html
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| | Encyclopedia: Colubridae |
| | In addition, the African Boomslang and African Twig Snake have both caused human fatalities. | | | Updated 258 days 19 hours 59 minutes ago. | | | A Colubrid is a snake that is a member of the Colubridae family. |
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http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Colubridae
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| | [No title] |
| | Geographic variation in Rhadinaea hempsteadae (Serpentes: Colubridae), with the description of a new species from Chiapas, Mexico. | | | Variation in Rhadinaea marcellae (Squamata: Colubridae), a poorly known species from the Sierra Madre Oriental of Mexico. | | | A new species of large Tantilla (Squamata: Colubridae) from the Sierra Madre Oriental of Puebla, Mexico. |
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http://bioweb.usu.edu/sapo/representative_publications.htm
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| | City of Austin - Amphibians and reptiles |
| | Blotched water snake and western cottonmouth (water moccasin) compared | | | Blotched water snake, adult, Nerodia erythrogaster transversa, family Colubridae | | | Blotched water snake, juvenile, Nerodia erythrogaster transversa, family Colubridae |
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http://www.ci.austin.tx.us/preserves/fotoz2.htm
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| | Enuliophis sclateri |
| | A new genus for the snake Enulius sclateri (Colubridae: Xenodontinae). |
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http://home.earthlink.net/~itec5/Serpentes/Colubridae/Enuliophis_sclateri.html
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| | ASIH 1997 Joint Meetings - Scientific Sessions |
| | 10:45 Rodríguez-Robles, J.A. Molecular systematics of gopher, pine, and bullsnakes of the New World genus Pituophis (Colubridae) | | | 10:30 Wong, H. Mitochondrial DNA phylogeography of the sand snakes, Chilomeniscus (Serpentes: Colubridae) from northwestern Mexico and southern Arizona | | | 8:30 *Sheil, C.A., Grant, T. Reevaluation of the species of Synophis and Emmochliophis (Serpentes: Colubridae) using morphological characters |
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http://artedi.fish.washington.edu/asih/sessions/sess-55.htm
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| | Re: For Fr0glet Colubridae vs Boidae |
| | Colubridae is also the largest family, possessing both non-venomous > and venomous members. |
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http://www.talkaboutpets.com/group/rec.pets.herp/messages/280531.html
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| | Colubridae 2003 |
| | All known specimens are from a narrow area of (former) Araucaria forest in southern-central Paraná and northern central Santa Catarina states, Brazil. | | | Consequently, the authors considered the texas lyre snake to represent a separate species, Trimorphodon vilkinsonii. | | | LaDuc and Johnson (2003) used univariate and multivariate morphometrical analyses to determine the relationships between the Texas lyre snake (Trimorphodon biscutatus vilkinsonii and the Sonora lyre snake (Trimorphodon biscutatus lambda). |
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http://biology.bangor.ac.uk/%7Ebss166/Updates/Colubridae2003.htm
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| | Colubridae |
| | The vast majority of these snakes are non-venomous, and none has front fangs. | | | Something like 80-85% of living snakes belong to the huge family Colubridae (from the Latin "coluber," a snake). |
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http://www.curator.org/LegacyVMNH/WebOfLife/Kingdom/P_Chordata/ClassReptilia/O_Squamata/InfraSnakes/FColubridae/colubridae.htm
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| | Revision of the genus Atractus in Surinam, with the resurrection of two species (Colubridae, Reptilia). Notes on the ... |
| | Revision of the genus Atractus in Surinam, with the resurrection of two species (Colubridae, Reptilia). | | | Author Name: Hoogmoed, M. Title: Revision of the genus Atractus in Surinam, with the resurrection of two species (Colubridae, Reptilia). | | | Keywords: Reptiles, Reptilia, Serpentes, Snakes, Schlangen, Colubridae, Atractus, Systematics, Taxonomy, Herpetology, Surinam, Natural History |
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http://www.grahamnewlandhaturalhistorybooks.com/si/2052.html
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| | colubridae |
| | The tails of the colubrids are normally cylindrical and pointed and in some species the last few teeth on the maxilla are enlarged and grooved hence these are known as ‘rear-fanged snakes’. | | | The snakes can be divided into four ecological categories according to their habitats namely, Fossorial (live inside soil), Terrestrial (live on the ground), Arboreal (live on shrubs and trees) and Aquatic (live in water), where the last habitat can be furthermore divided as Freshwater, Brackish water and Marine. | | | The colubrids display some common morphological features, which can be used to separate them from other snake families. |
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http://www.pdn.ac.lk/socs/zaup/reptiles/colubridae.html
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| | Colubroidea snake evolution |
| | Historically, the venoms of snakes lacking front-fanged venom delivery systems (conventionally grouped into the paraphyletic family Colubridae) have been largely neglected. | | | Isolation and characterisation by us of a potent postsynaptic three finger (3FTx) neurotoxin (alpha-colubritoxin) from Coelognathus radiatus (radiated ratsnake), an archetypal "non-venomous" snake species, forced a fundamental rethink of venom evolution. | | | It has become recently evident that the evolution of the toxins in the advanced snakes (Colubroidea) predated the evolution of the advanced, front-fanged delivery mechanisms. |
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http://www.kingsnake.com/toxinology/snake_evolution.html
(571 words)
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| | coachwhip snake on Encyclopedia.com |
| | Reproduction in the coachwhip, Masticophis flagellum (serpentes: colubridae), from Arizona. | | | Reproduction in the coachwhip, Masticophis flagellum (serpentes: colubridae), from Arizona.(Statistical Data Included) |
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http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/x/x-coachwhi.asp
(264 words)
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| | [No title] |
| | About 71% of the viviparous species belong to either the Scincidae, Colubridae, or Iguanidae. | | | The discontinuous distribution of the origins of viviparity among the reptilian families supports the hypothesis that selective pressures, preadaptations, and constraints vary at high taxonomic levels. | | | Superimposition of reproductive mode data from the literature over phylogenetic classification systems reveals that viviparity (live-bearing reproduction) has evolved on at least 35 independent occasions among the Serpentes, once in the Amphisbaenia, and once in the Ichthyosauria. |
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http://shakti.trincoll.edu/~blackbur/ar85.html
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| | Colubridae |
| | RODRÍGUEZ-ROBLES, JAVIER A. and JOSE´ M. Molecular systematics of New World lampropeltinine snakes (Colubridae): implications for biogeography and evolution of food habits. | | | Taxonomic status of the snake genera Conopsis and Toluca (Colubridae). |
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http://www.embl-heidelberg.de/~uetz/families/Colubridae.html
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| | Snakes of North Carolina |
| | The Colubridae is the largest family of snakes in the world and its members display a wide variety of characteristics. | | | The snakes of North Carolina can be separated into three different families: the Colubridae, Elapidae, and Viperidae. | | | Most colubrids, including all those found in North Carolina, are not dangerous to humans. |
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http://www.bio.davidson.edu/projects/herpcons/herps_of_NC/snakes/snakes.html
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| | Merriam-Webster Online |
| | For More Information on "colubridae" go to Britannica.com | | | Get the Top 10 Search Results for "colubridae" | | | colubridae is one of more than 1,000,000 entries available at Merriam-WebsterUnabridged.com. |
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http://www.m-w.com/cgi-bin/dictionary?book=Dictionary&va=Colubridae
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| | Colubridae |
| | Harvey, M. B., Lucindo Gonzales, A. and Scrocchi, G. J., 2001: New species of Apostolepis (Squamata: Colubridae) from the Gran Chaco in southern Bolivia. | | | <==o Colubridae (tarhakäärmeet) [probably paraphyletic] ?- †Dakotaophis ?- †Diadophis ?- †Dryinoides ?- †Mionatrix ?- †Palaeomalpolon ?- †Paleofarancia ?- †Paracoluber ?- †Paraoxybelis ?- †Protropidonotus ?- †Pseudocemophora ?- Stilosoma ?- Elapomorphinae [subfamily not recognized by the EMBL Reptile Database] -- "Boodontinae" ()? |
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http://www.fmnh.helsinki.fi/users/haaramo/Metazoa/Deuterostoma/Chordata/Reptilia/Lepidosauromorpha/Pythonomorpha/Colubridae.htm
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| | REFERENCES |
| | UTIGER, U., N. Molecular systematics and phylogeny of Old and New World ratsnakes, Elaphe auct., and related genera (Reptilia, Squamata, Colubridae). |
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http://www.geocities.com/herpetology_bg/References.html
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| | Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo: ENVENOMATION BY NEOTROPICAL OPISTOGLYPHOUS COLUBRID ... |
| | pallidus Linné, 1758 known as "saperas", "candelillas" or "candclitas"16,33 is an opisthoglyphous (rear-fangcd) snake belonging to the Colubridae family, found in South America from Peru, Brazil, Guayanas, Uruguay, Paraguay, Argentina, Ecuador, Bolivia, Trinidad and Venezuela8,24,25. | | | This genus is laxonomieally complex, therefore in Venezuela is not totally clarified. | | | BERNARDE, P.S.; KOKUBAN, M.C & MARQUES, O.A. - Utilizaçào de hábitat e atividade em Thamnodynastes riganix (Günther, 1858) no SuI do Brasil (serpentes, Colubridae). |
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http://newssearch.looksmart.com/p/articles/mi_qa3855/is_200409/ai_n9419961
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| | cope |
| | 1862 "Synopsis of the species of Holcosus and Ameiva, with diagnoses of new West Indian and South American colubridae" pp. | | | "Catalogue of colubridae in the museum of the academy
of Philadelphia. |
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http://home.planet.nl/~spek0465/cope.html
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| | Imantodes inornatus |
| | Savage, J.M. The Imantodes (Serpentes: Colubridae) of Costa Rica: two or three species? | | | Taylor, E.H. A brief review of the snakes of Costa Rica. |
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http://home.earthlink.net/~itec5/Serpentes/Colubridae/Imantodes_inornatus.html
(138 words)
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| | Reproducción en cautiverio de Liophis miliaris semiaureus Cope 1862 (“Culebra parda de agua”) ... |
| | Colubridae: Familia de ofidios con un gran número de especies, en general se caracteriza por presentar cabeza ovalada, carente de dientes especializados en la inoculación de ponzoña (aglifos) o presentes en la parte posterior del maxilar superior(opistoglifos). | | | Marques, O.A.V. and Souza, V.C. Nota sobre a atividade alimentar de Liophis miliaris no ambiente marinho (Serpentes, Colubridae). | | | Liophis miliaris es un ofidio que presenta la típica morfología de la familia Colubridae: cabeza ovalada, ojos grandes con pupila circular y dentición aglifa. |
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http://www.aqvaterra.com/docs/Liophis%20miliaris.html
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